The Anthropological Society was founded in 1863 and merged in 1871 with the Ethnological Society of London to form the Anthropological Institute. Details of the publications of the Ethnological Society are given in A112 and those of the Anthropological Institute in A114.
In 1900 the RAI presented petitions to the Government of South Australia associated with the Aborigines of Central Australia and, with the Folklore Society, to the Right Hon. Joseph Chamberlain, Secretary of State for the Colonies on the condition of the indigenous people of the Transvaal and the Orange River Colony (see A10/3/3/1-2)